Saturday, September 5, 2009

Reflection 3 edf1005 Approaches to Multicultural Education

Approaches to Multicultural Education

Education and multiculturalism has come a long way, and based on the country or where you are from you will have different experiences. Today multiculturalism has become a common topic in our society, hence the development of approaches to a multicultural education. This reflection is geared to give an overview of multicultural education in my elementary and secondary school and what approach was used. I will also share my views on what approach I would have loved to see introduced then.

Depending on the country or where you are from you will have different experiences when it comes to multiculturalism. Back in the late nineteenth century, I attended school in Jamaica where our classrooms were filled with all Jamaican. Diversity was not experienced as it is in the American classroom. However, little diversity was found in the society itself, and as the culture is, there wasn’t much cultural or diversity issues. On the other hand where disability is concern, these children were not sent to school. They would often stay home and to some extent hidden from society. Parents felt ashamed to be the parent of a disabled child and never saw the need to educate them.

The approach taken in the classroom though, was more similar to the contributive and additive approach. Students were taught about national heroes as well as foods and festivals. To an extent the additive approach would often take the form of celebrating and educating about special holidays or accomplishment. For example, National Heroes day or Independence Day, were studied a week or two prior to the celebrated day.

If I had the choice to choose the approach teachers used in my elementary and secondary years I would have chosen the Social Action approach. Even though there wasn’t much diversity in my country or classroom, an additive approach would have given students options in making decision pertaining to social issues and help in solving them. Students would learn to view issues from multiple perspectives and sensitivity towards certain social issues would have been developed. Students would have given a chance to explore different cultures and in return become more sensitive towards different racial, ethnic, culture and groups, and more specific to there country, the lack of understanding when it come to disabilities and difference of backgrounds.

As the world become more multicultural, the need for adjustment and transformation I required. Teachers do have a lot of responsibility and accountability but as they transform and reinvent themselves, not only they will be ahead of their game but also their task will become much easier.

Reflection 4 Why a diversity course?

Why a diversity course?

We would think that the need for a diversity course is unimportant and that we are aware of the fact that we are all different in some ways. But, is that the only issues underling diversity? How prepared are we as teacher in a diverse classroom? This paper will discuss the case study “Samantha Carter’s Diversity Class” and why she needs to take a diversity course. I will discuss issues about experience that might have leaded me to think that I am well-prepared for diversity and in what am I prepared.

Despite the experiences that Sam had with teaching and interacting with different types of student; she also needs to be knowledgeable about diversity in order to be an effective teacher. Our world is changing rapidly and more and more cultures, beliefs, religion and disabilities are found in the classroom of today. In order for real learning to take place and the accommodation of all students to be considered, a teacher must be aware of these differences. The real effect will take place after becoming more knowledgeable and one is able to reinvent their thinking and perception to accommodate each student. Because we all learn differently, which is based on the differences in culture, abilities and perception but not limited to these few, Sam will have to be able to incorporate various skills to include all these learners. There will be the need for the ability to improve and encourage intergroup and intragroup interaction and how to transmit intercultural understanding and skills to students. Adversity course will aid in the understanding of social and cultural changes and to understand culture, learning and culture learning processes.

Am I well-prepared for diversity? Or will anyone be well-prepared for diversity? I will not say that I am well-prepared for diversity as this is an ongoing preparation. However I have become aware of the social and cultural difference and to some extent accepting and tolerating people of difference. I am coming to a deeper understanding of cultural and social change through my present diversity class. I have also experience diversity in my classroom as a student but not from a teacher’s perspective. However I will be introduced to such an experience further on in the course through service learning.

In summary, in a multicultural ever-changing society, a diversity class is important to all teachers. This will enable them to be competent in the teaching and learning process. It is also one way to educate the coming generation about multicultural awareness and to accommodate different type of learners.

reflection 3 edf2085

Paradigm

What are paradigms and paradigm shifts? We are all are influenced by paradigm and paradigm shifts in some way or another. How do we formulate our ideas? Are these ideas ours or just the result of someone else’s imposed perception? This article is aimed at helping the reader understand the term paradigm and paradigm shift. I will discuss my personal paradigm shift and why it is important for teacher to experience it.

According to the article Frames, paradigm and paradigm shift, “everything we think, feel or do is shaped by our paradigms including how we perceive and interpret our selves and our reality”. This is done through and organized sequence; one that is able to integrate our observations and assumptions that we formed through our experiences. This is then the backbone of our perception one that is hard to change unless been lived with and explored. This change of perception if taken place is termed as paradigm shift. Paradigm Shift occurs after we have lived with and explored our perception, we might change based on new knowledge gained or new experience. Dated back to ancient times we have seen where many paradigm shifts took place which lead to new concepts or inventions that has passed down to our present generation. In our schools and society today, where technology, globalization cultural pluralism is intertwined a new type of paradigm is emerging. People are now learning to accept and tolerate others with difference of culture, sexuality, religion and beliefs just to name a few. Hence the evidence that we are all subject to paradigm and paradigm shifts.

It is amazing the way our formed paradigms can influence the out come of our live, what we do, how we think and see the world. I remember growing up as a child and going through school, I had not developed a real reason for going. I was at school everyday early because I had to but still had no purpose, no plans for the future and no set goal. As a result of this no effort was made to do well in school rather it was not important to me. Hence I never saw the importance of education. I also developed the concept that I couldn’t achieve anything better than a grade “C” on my test. Well this all change when I started interacting with people who valued education. I was around friends who were going to college and had a purpose in life. This is when I started putting one and two together and have come to realize the importance of education. I also came to change my perception about test grades. This paradigm shift had opened a whole new door for me. I now see things differently and respond to situations differently. My whole perception of live have bee changed.

A paradigm shift does not only affect your personal life but also the way you see and interact with the world. As teacher it is of vital importance that each one experiences a paradigm shift. This will influence the way they perceive students as it relates to difference in culture, religion, background and beliefs. This is rather an important requirement in a diverse population.

In summary paradigm and paradigm shift shapes the way you see and interact with the world. Personal paradigm shift I a transformation and reinventing of ones self and the way we see the world. A change happen because we no longer belief what we use to.

Saturday, August 29, 2009

Reflection #2 EDF2085 Transformation and Multiculturalism

Transformation and Multiculturalism

In a multicultural society where people form all around the world have brought with them their differences of belief, perception, religion, history, values and social preference; call for the needs of teacher to respect such intricacies. However, in order to be able to achieve such a task a process of transformation is vital. This essay will give a general idea of transformation and how it relates to the teaching and learning process and any one perusing career in teaching.

Transformation has been a cycle that has been around for centuries. The term transformation as is it relates to this content is defined as, the ability to reinvent ones self to accept and tolerate living in a culture that is vastly different from that which is the norm to us and as a result accepts and embrace human differences. Transformation is a complex process and at times can be intensively difficult to accomplish. Some of the major steps taken towards the succession of transformation include revolution, alteration, conversion and makeover. To obtain an accomplishment as this one has to develop specific skills in areas such as tolerance, acceptance and the more dreaded of all the ability to change. Transformation in this case has to do with multicultural awareness and conversion. As a teacher it is important to understand the various facets that entail transformation in order to be proficient and victorious in the teaching and learning process.

Transformation is a fundamental aspect to a multicultural classroom and society. As preconception plays an integral role in the faculties of the mind it therefore calls for some form of eradication and transformation. For teacher or any personnel perusing a teaching profession multicultural awareness is very important. Knowledge of why people are different, in the way they think, act and the difference in culture will shed some light into how important it is to reconstruct the way we think about other with difference. Teacher will be better able to deal with issue of judging and preconception. Lessons will be less bias and more integration and consideration will take place. Educators will become more susceptible to change and the need for transformation; as a result creating an atmosphere of acceptance, tolerance and compassion.

In conclusion, I have come to realize the need for self re-evaluation as I peruse studies in the teaching field. It is clear that transformation as a necessity in the field of education the society at large. Through being transformed teachers can influence and guide students in becoming multicultural aware which will help to alleviate some of these related issue.

Reflection #1 EDF2085 Change is constant

Change is constant

Change is constant” as once said by a writer. This is evident in our ever changing society today. America can be said to be one of the most diverse country and a by-product of change in itself. Change can be date back to million years ago if we should study the history of human and inventions. After reading this passage you will understand why I endorse the statement “change is constant”. I will give a brief overview of what I have read on the topics prehistoric use of fire by human and the invention of wheel and writing. I will then discuss the relevance of why a pre-teaching inter should have a knowledge of these basics.

According to the excerpt, “prehistoric human use of fire” human have been proven to have gone through many transformations as it relates to stages of Homo. The Homo Erectus have been said to be the first of the Homo’s use and control fire, based on either their observation of the effects of wildfire or just a mere trial and error. Regardless of the acquisition of their discovery, they have taken the use of fire through many stages. I believe as their social needs became more demanding and there knowledge increase their use for fire became more important; from the use of cooking to the production of heat and a source of defense. What ever the usage may be, they happened in a series of increments, and over the years the use of fire became commonplace.

Through observation and social need came the invention of wheel. This may be seen as a process of change and transformation. The invention of the wheel was made possible through these early human’s observing the stages of change a log or stick went through as they try to transport heavy objects. Based on these observation and new discoveries alterations were made and hence the invention of the wheel. It is evident in such early years that the process of learning toke place in stages. This early invention may have given way to most modern transportation.

Writing has said to come about though the need for communication. In ancient day objects and picture were used as a symbol of communication. Which again through stages of change and incremental development have progress to our modern day script. It is interesting to know that through the integration of different symbols in a structured sequence communication through writing have become an integral part of our societies. Writing it self have gone through many stages of change and transformation, from using symbols such as stones, grains and pictures to communicate and now the written language. All of these transformations are link to some aspect of social need.

It is important for pre-teaching interns to have a basic understanding of prehistoric changes, transformations and inventions as it relates to fire, wheel and writing. This might be seen some what abstract but it is very relevant to new teachers. Knowledge of these developments will aid in there understanding of why change is necessary at times and could be smooth in transition, While on the other hand may be very difficult. These changes that are mentioned previously are all interrelated socially and are vital in understanding that change is constant. As a result of this teachers will be better equipped to accept changes and become more open in allowing their perceptions, values and behavior to be transformed. Teaching in a multicultural environment calls for an integration of creativity and a cultural and social understanding. Making a roadway for a more successful teaching and learning experience.

Reflection #2 EDF1005Paradigms and Paradigm Shift

Samantha Clarke

Paradigms and Paradigm Shift

For centuries early human went through a series of paradigm shift. The term Paradigm may be defined as the way human perceive the word. Many inventions were as a result of early human perception. In several different stages human have moved through a process of paradigm shifts. This article will discuss the position on how man’s various inventions have changed the way man think learns and sees the word. I will then share my views on the subject.

Intervention has been through many changes simultaneously to the human development and paradigm shifts. Different interventions were as a result of change perception and new experiences; from the control of fire and its use to the invention of tools, wheels and sharing socialization. As time pass it left behind the need of social change. From cooking food in the ground to a more sophisticated stove of the twenty first century. This invention in reverse help to shape the way man thinks, in that they have become more open to ne invention, exploration constantly inventing new things. Our societies today are slaves to invention, for example the enormous gather and champing out to quire some new gadget that has just been introduced to the market. They are constantly looking toward and anticipating new invention.

It is evident that by now man have realized that they are living in an ever changing world and nothing stays constant except for change itself. New inventions assist in faster learning, and the production of new knowledge. Man has come to view the world through more compromised eyes. The have come to accept new fact and realities and if the needs be the will be a re-evaluation of self.

From my perspective change is constant and new invention is unchanging. The need to reevaluate ones self is of utmost importance, a much needed thing in the present society. After several years of experience and observation of change I came to realized that I am as a result a new person. The way I think, my religious beliefs values and attitude have been changing and that is constant.

Relection 1 edf1005 Timeline of Teachers Preparation

Samantha Clarke


Timeline of Teachers Preparation


Teachers, the backbone of any nation is a commonly discussed issue in the world today. Many controversies have arrived over the years pertaining to many areas of the teaching field; some of which are but not limited to salary, professionalism and the process of educating or training teachers. Upon reading this article you will become aware of the evolution of the teacher preparation programs from colonial times to present. In addition to this, there will be a discussion on the reform efforts of the 1980’s and the controversial role of Teach for America (TFA) in the preparation of teachers.

The teaching profession has evolved formally since the late mid nineteenth century. Even today there are controversial issues arguing its professionalism. Before the 1980’s teaching have been seen as a temporary job, and is often done by indentured servants paying for passage to America and only workers in academics and Latin grammar got some college education more so in Europe than America. Knowledge of teaching skills were never a pre-requisite to become a teacher.

After little succession in the classroom education sank and hence the quest for ways to improve teaching skills. By the 1923 Reverend Samuel Hall came up with a more professional approach for training teachers. This gave way to the establishment of the Normal School, the first teacher education school in America. Following this, Horace Mann established the first state recognized school in America. This provide a two year training in academic subjects and teaching methodology. As the years went by, the need for more well trained teachers arrived and Normal school increases the number of years for teaching programs. By this time teaching institution became popular and more institutions such as colleges and universities started offering teaching programs and many others.

Even though Colleges and Universities were offering teaching programs, there were alternative route to the field. This was done through students seeking licensure through structured apprenticeship; a supported movement by Teach for America (TFA). Many influential individuals thought that this was not a professional approach and that teachers demand adequate training to be competent in teaching in the present society. How can one shape the society for a better tomorrow with out being competent in what they do? Students need a firm foundation in the early stages of their lives because this is what will help shape them for the future ahead.

Teach for America might help to fill a gap in the areas where there is a shortage of teachers but what about the damage the might potentially cause. For example, how will a teacher with relate to cultural issues and differences in the classroom if they were not thought how to. Until recently, I was ignorant to the fact that trained teachers are a necessity. I thought that by knowing a subject area would be good enough to become a Elementary Teacher. Through reading, I discovered a whole different point of view to the profession.

Like any profession teachers should receive adequate training in order to become competent teachers of tomorrow. An understanding however by society, will to clarify such a need. Many are negative towards teachers and their competence but a thorough look is need on the evolution of teachers. Then the long cherished perception about teacher may be clarified.